Constructing or paving street, road, and other ways.



No. 869,181. EATENTED 00T. z2. 1907.

J. D. HENDERSON.

CONSTEUGTING 0E PAVING STEEEE, E11/1N, AND OTEEE WAYS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-14. 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l Flc. 7.

Nq. 869,181. PATENTED 00T. 22. 1907.

l E. D.- EENDEEsoN. GON'STENGEING 0E PAVING STREET, EoAn, NNE oTEEEWAYS.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 14, 1906.

z SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

rHE mmm: PETERS can, wAsmNcroN, n, c.

i 7 are further views, as will hereinafter appear, on an en- JOHN D.HENDERSON, OF EVERETT, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO llENDERSOhvTRAPO-CRETE COil'lPANY, OF BOSTON,

MASSACHUSETTS.

MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF CONSTRUCTING OR PAVING STREET, ROAD, ANDOTHER WAYS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 22, 1907.

Application filed March 14:. 1906- Serial No.' 306,065.

T0 all whom it may concern: l

Be it known that l, .lonN D. H'nNnnnsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city ol' Everett, in the county ol Middlesex and Stateoi Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements inConstructing or Paving Street, Road, and other Ways, ol' which the`following is a specification.

This invention in the construction, or building, or i paving ol street,or other road-\vays, -tlie same having been prepared or subgraded asordinary, or well known or otherwise s11itably-,-consists in coveringthe subgraded, or prepared bed, with a layer or binder, one inch, ormore or less, in thickness, (an inch being practically sufficient)consisting oi clay and gravel, or hard pan, as it is known, and over andon which is then placed a layer, four inches, more or less, inthickness, (lour inch es being practically sufficient) ot crushed orbroken stone, macadam, which is so rolled as to incorporate therewiththe said binder and thereby produce oi and from the two a single,compact, close and hard layer, and then on this so combined layer,evenly disposing a layer oi crushed or broken stone, two inches, or moreor' less in thickness, (two inches being practically sutilcient), whichsaid broken stone in its several particles or pieces is such as would begaged or determined by a ring or mesh o two and one hall' inches orthereabouts, and then coating in any suitable manner, this layer olbroken stone with a liquid tar or other bituminous preparation and thendisposing and finally working into and hlling the voids or intersticesbetween and among the several particles or pieces of said upper strataor layer of broken stone, a bituminous or Atar mixture together withsmall particles of stone, such, for instance, as what is commonly knownas pea stone, all suitably heated, which, in substance, completes theconstruction oi the paving, or the street or other road-way inaccordance with this invention and as will hereinafter more fullyappear.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part oi thisspecication,theseveral figures l to 5, both inclusive, are similarvertical cross sections, from curb to curb, illustrating theconstruction of the paving, or road-way, at its various or successivesteps or stages, and Figs. G and larged scale compared with thepreceding Iigures,` lor the purpose of better illustration ol' theseveral steps in the construction oi the pavement.

In the drawings, A and B are the two side curbs ol the road-way.

C is the sub-graded bed.

D is the binder layer, which may he of any suitable material, and issprinkled, or otherwise loosely disposed upon and over the bed C, to thethickness of an inch, or thereabouts. I

E is a layer ol crushed` or broken stone, or macadam, as well known, oniop ol the binder layer D to the thickness of four inches, orthereabouts, and which is then rolled compactly and closely togetherforcing the same into the binder D, and the binder into and throughoutthe voids or spaces or crevices between the particles ol stone andmaking the whole, hinder and stones, into a common layer, suchsubstantially as shown, Fig. 3.

F is a layer oi broken or crushed stone. The size oi the severalparticles o this layer is determined by a ring or mesh ol two and onehall' inches, or thereabouls, as well known, and they are evenly spreador disposed over and upon the common layer before explained to thethickn oi two inches, or thereabouts, leaving voids or crevices or openspaces between the particles, illustrated, Fig. 4. The upper surface olthis layer F is. then evened oil and covered with a liquid tar orbituminous preparation, and then the crevices or voids are lilled with atar, or other such like mixture combined with small stones, such as thewell known pea stones, while the same is in a suitable heated condition,and firmly compacted together by rolling, which completes theconstruction or pavement ol the road-way, see Fig. 5, and in which thelarger stones form the wearing surl'ace or' the pavement.

A pavement or road-way produced as above described is most solid andcompact, and its wearing and lasting qualities are most durable,eilicient and desirable in every respect, and to the highest degree, ashas been practically demonstrated. Furthermore it is most inexpensive incomparison with other well known roadways or pavements.

With a view to more clearly illustrating my method, Fig. 6 showsperspectively the dilierent stratas oi material in the process olconstruction, while Fig. 7 on the right side clearly illustrates the wayall parts are lorced toward and into each other, the pea stones in thetop crevices or voids and the binding or hard pan when eompressedas inthe linished roadway, the portion on the left being shown in a loosestate to more clearly show the normal state of the material, provided ldid not choose to roll the layer ol stone E previous to putting on thetop F, or in the event of 'not putting the small pea stone on aiter thetop layer had been rolled.

The only reason for not allowing them to remain loosely qid@ but afterMinn- Wiu SM1] 10W@ th@ mp Uf Mq l tour inehes or so in thickness on,:rnd rolled or otherwise Y 7 b i i i layer E tree nud elenn, ready lorthe loyer F. Aft er the top layer F is iu plztee and. rolled enough togive nu even top7 it is then rentdT to have the eonted pen stone:ipplied uid es there is no foreign nizrtter to prevent it hav ing nfree flow downward to the depth ot' the top ol` the lnyer il the top andbottoni heooinee pr-ietiefllly united i iu one muss, completing` n Solidthieknens t'roin Suhgrade to surface.

l'liiving thus deserilred my invention Whitt l elztini and desire toseeure hy Letters Patent in,

A rondwny eonstl'uet'ed ot' n suitzxhly prepared Huh-eroded foundation:n hiiuier-lnyer eoinpoSed el' elny und .lruvel or hnrdpnn one ineh or soin thickness on Suid toum'izltion; n loyer eonlposed ot' hroken orcrushed stone or ninendzun suitnhly worked into :1nd interiningled withsnid hinderlnyer; :l lm vei' composed ot broken :ind crushed Itone thepieeef: ol which ure two und one hull ineheI or so in ze e\'enl.\vdisposed on Suid interiningled lnyerf und :l lztyer Composed ot' nmixture ot' pen or other h like `wnnll rwt'ones :1nd t'nr or hituinen,hoth of which hetore heng: niixed und luid hure heen hezlted, und thntVis rolled or otherwise ynuitnhly worked into :ind mudo to till the voidshetween the pierces ot sztd broken or erushed r lono und to present,:1nd to constitute such stones :is the went-in; urt'uee ol' therondwatvA nil suhstxuit'inlly :is deserihed.

In witness whereof, i hnve hereunto set, in v hund in the presenee ol'two suhserhing witnesses,

IOIIN I)A IIENDIRHSUN.

Witnesses Ammer' thrown'.

HuttonA (univr-ux.

